Energy equivalence building standards (star and whole of home ratings)

Since 1 May 2024, the National Construction Code 2022 (NCC) Modern Homes residential energy efficiency standards have been required in Queenland, through amendment of the Queensland Development Code 4.1 – Sustainable Buildings (QDC 4.1).

The residential energy efficiency standards apply to new houses and new units, and there two aspects required to be achieved:

• 7-star (out of 10) energy equivalence rating to the dwelling’s building shell
• Whole of home score (out of 100) to assess the energy budget of the dwelling’s major fixtures and appliances, including any solar photovoltaic (PV) energy system.

7-star energy equivalence rating

The 7-star energy equivalence rating of new houses, townhouses and units is determined by the design of the building's shell: its roof, walls, windows and floors.

Dwellings designed to be more energy efficient are more comfortable to live in, and can provide ongoing savings to householders by minimising energy use for artificial cooling and heating. Energy equivalence is expressed on a star rating scale, with 10 stars being the highest and most energy efficient.

New houses and townhouses (class 1 buildings) must achieve a minimum 7-star energy equivalence rating. Several compliance pathways are available under QDC 4.1, including the use of optional credits of up to 1 star where the design includes a compliant outdoor living area.

New multi-unit residential buildings (class 2) must also achieve an average 7-star energy equivalence rating for all units in the building, with no individual unit to be rated less than 6-stars. This accounts for the different orientations and elevations of the individual units within the building (e.g. units with a southern orientation have less solar access).

Whole of home score

Whole of home assessments aim to lower energy costs by helping homeowners make cost-effective choices about their home's major fixtures and appliances. Homeowners, designers and builders can explore the trade-offs and benefits of different technologies and appliance efficiencies that works for them and their budget.

The Whole of home score ranges from 0 to 100 – a poor energy performing home would rate under 40, while a score of 100 is a net zero energy home. A score over 100 is possible where the home is producing more energy than it uses i.e. where it includes a large solar PV system.

A new house needs to achieve a minimum Whole of home score of 60 (out of 100) and a new unit apartment needs to achieve at least 50 (out of 100).