Natural disasters

• Cyclone and storm surge
• Severe storm
• Flood
• Bushfire
• Drought

Major health event

• Pandemics (e.g. COVID-19)
• Epidemics (e.g. mosquito borne diseases such as dengue, malaria)
• Localised outbreaks (e.g. Legionnaires' disease, diseases from animal contact)
• Food poisoning or contamination

Emergency

• Biosecurity threats (pest and animal disease outbreaks)
• Workplace accidents or deaths
• Dangerous material spills, leaks or explosions
• Loss of power or infrastructure
• Major transport disasters
• Terrorist or major criminal incidents
• Climate change risks

Drought

Information technology (IT) threat

• Cyber-attack or data hacking
• IT failure

Reputation incident

• Highly negative media or social media coverage
• Rumour-driven crisis
• Inappropriate workplace behaviour (e.g. bullying, harassment)
• Organisational misdeeds and legal action (e.g. fraud, theft)